At least once a year you’ve been meeting with your financial advisor to make sure you’re on track for retirement. But this year it’s different. This is the year you’re planning to retire, and your idea of retirement might not line up with the reality. That’s why your annual meeting may be more important now than ever.
We’ve compiled a list of five questions you should ask your financial advisor if you are planning to retire within the next year.
1. How will tax reform affect my bottom line?
Tax reform is always a hot topic in politics, and it will be important to continue keeping an eye on changes to taxation throughout your lifetime. Any adjustments to the tax code could affect the way you withdraw money in retirement and could change the kinds of tax breaks you might receive. The goal is to have a withdrawal strategy in place that draws the “smartest” money each year (meaning, the most tax-efficient). Changes to your circumstances–especially tax code changes–could have a big impact on identifying which money is “smart” and which is costly to withdraw. Ask your advisor how he or she is keeping an eye on this fluid situation–and how it could change your retirement income.
2. How should I prepare for health care costs?
According to a 2019 Fidelity study, a healthy, 65-year-old male-female couple could expect to spend $285,000 during their retirement on health care costs. If that seems shocking already, keep in mind that figure doesn’t include the money you’ll need for any long-term care. J.P. Morgan reports that nearly 70% of people will need at least one type of long-term care. That’s why it’s important to talk to your advisor about long-term care insurance, if you don’t have it already, and about how you can budget those premiums and other medical costs into your retirement income plan.
3. When should I apply for Social Security?
Social Security filing can also be a tricky thing to maneuver. Do you start withdrawing the day you retire? Or can you wait until full retirement age (FRA) to get your full benefit? Or even better, can you wait to file until age 70, and capitalize on the annual increases to your benefit amount beyond your FRA? You can start taking Social Security before FRA, but your benefit will likely be around 75% of what it would have been if you had waited to claim until FRA. What’s more, you’ll continue to receive that reduced rate for the rest of your life. By the same token, if you defer your benefits, you maintain that higher payout as well. If that sounds complicated, it’s because it can be. Talk to your advisor about what makes the most sense for you and your future.
4. What should I do with my employer-sponsored 401k?
You have several options when it comes to your 401k. You can keep it with your former employer, move it to your new employer’s 401k account, cash it out, roll it into an IRA. If you roll your 401k into a traditional IRA, you may want to consider doing a Roth conversion. With a Roth conversion, you move funds from a tax deferred account like a traditional IRA into a tax-advantaged account like a Roth IRA where it can benefit from tax-free growth. It’s important to note that you would have to pay income tax on the amount you convert, but you wouldn’t have to pay any tax when you withdraw the funds, which could save you money in the long run. This is an extremely complicated situation, so it’s in your best interests to consult someone who is well-versed in tax strategies and retirement income planning.
5. Where is my income coming from after retirement?
This may be the biggest question of all. Your advisor may be doing a great job growing your money while you’re putting it away, but how will they be able to help when you are taking it out of those accounts? How will they maximize tax efficiency so that you can keep more of what’s yours? Will they ensure you’re taking IRS-mandated Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) at the right time, and will they tell you the amount you need to withdraw?
If you aren’t satisfied with your financial planner’s answers to these questions, consider interviewing a new advisor. Your financial advisor should be equipped to help you feel confident about your financial future at every stage of your life.
Updated January 2020. A version of this article was originally published in the St. Paul Pioneer Press on January 13, 2018.